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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Super Bloch oscillations ： ウィキペディア英語版 Super Bloch oscillations In physics, a Super Bloch oscillation describes a certain type of motion of a particle in a lattice potential under external periodic driving. The term super refers to the fact that the amplitude in position space of such an oscillation is several orders of magnitude larger than for 'normal' Bloch oscillations. ==Bloch oscillations vs. Super Bloch oscillations== Normal Bloch oscillations and Super Bloch oscillations are closely connected. In general, Bloch oscillations are a consequence of the periodic structure of the lattice potential and the existence of a maximum value of the Bloch wave vector $k\_$. A constant force $F\_0$ results in the acceleration of the particle until the edge of the first Brillouin zone is reached. The following sudden change in velocity from $+\backslash hbar\; k\_/m$ to $-\backslash hbar\; k\_/m$ can be interpreted as a Bragg scattering of the particle by the lattice potential. As a result, the velocity of the particle never exceeds $|\backslash hbar\; k\_/m|$ but oscillates in a saw-tooth like manner with a corresponding periodic oscillation in position space. Surprisingly, despite of the constant acceleration the particle does not translate, but just moves over very few lattice sites. Super Bloch oscillations arise when an additional periodic driving force is added to $F\_0$, resulting in: :$F(t)\; =\; F\_0\; +\; \backslash Delta\; F\; \backslash sin(\backslash omega\; t\; +\; \backslash varphi)$ The details of the motion depend on the ratio between the driving frequency $\backslash omega$ and the Bloch frequency $\backslash omega\_B$. A small detuning $\backslash omega-\backslash omega\_B$ results in a beat between the Bloch cycle and the drive, with a drastic change of the particle motion. On top of the Bloch oscillation, the motion shows a much larger oscillation in position space that extends over hundreds of lattice sites. Those Super Bloch oscillations directly correspond to the motion of normal Bloch oscillations, just rescaled in space and time. A quantum mechanical description of the rescaling can be found in (). An experimental realization is demonstrated in ()()(). A theoretical analysis of the properties of Super-Bloch Oscillations, including dependence on the phase of the driving field is found in (). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Super Bloch oscillations」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.